Space

Artist's impression of a Collision-Drive Launch Vehicle.
No need to blast off or blast down for that matter. XOs and
modules become a part of the landscape and infrastructure when they
are docked on the ground as shown above. This means they can also be customized into
mobile buildings that form part of the architecture of a settlement. The
advantage of this kind of mobility is that it increases safety
and allows for rapid evacuations whenever this may become necessary.

Improved access to Space

Despite the XO being a much larger concept vehicle the much lower costs of using C-Drive makes it more economical to build and use. Before the C-Drive was designed space exploration was for an elite few privileged economies wealthy enough to invest in this industry. However, the device is expected to be capable of outperforming the thrust of a rocket and yet is far simpler to design and manage such that it will be unusual for any country not to have a space program in place. In addition to this it is very likely rockets as a means of accessing space will be less attractive due to every launch causing pollution. 

Our Focus

Though our focus for now is small and simply to get a prototype C-Drive ready, this does not stop us from looking at and imagining how C-Drives can be used in diverse industries. Therefore, let's look at developing a construct or framework for making the best use of C-Drives between space and earth. Using C-Drive technology space will become highly accessible to a very wide audience, which includes developing countries. 

We were able to build a collision drive to scale to pilot test the theory and the tests were successful. You can see a video clip of the C-Drive actually doing what it was designed to do here. The proof of concept including results after testing it here. The patent for the C-Drive has also been approved. What is required at the moment is to find funding for further tests and commercialization.

What the Acronyms stand for

Vehicles with C-Drives that are designed to be used in space are designated as "designed and utilized for space" with the acronym (D.U.S).  

They are called "XO" ships to emphasize "peace in space, benevolence and the betterment of humanity above geographical location". Everyone knows generally that the letters XO are exchanged as a term of endearment. In this case the letters are used on the ships as a consistent reminder that the foray into space should improve life for humanity, not make it worse. 

The XO ships can of course be called anything appropriate or appealing.

The Matter of Size

You'll notice that the XO ships and modules are illustrated as being much larger than the former NASA space shuttles and other vehicles being used in space.  This is because the C-Drive will have a massive weight to thrust advantage that makes it possible to lift much larger payloads, structures and vehicles into space. A C-Drive is also much cheaper, less complicated to manufacture and less prone to explosive mishaps  than other propulsion systems. C-Drives provide ships with buoyancy. This means they can float and drift in a controlled manner as they rise to a required height before engaging the necessary thrust to reach escape velocity. Therefore, departures and landings have much less drama and there is a significant increase in safety during take-off and landing.

The powerful XO ships are basically multipurpose vehicles and can even be viewed like ocean container freighters except they operate between earth and space. They are envisaged to handle entry and re-entry of various types of commercial cargo. As ventures into space increase there will be tremendous amounts of cargo moving between these locations. A method for doing this that does not release toxic gases that harm the environment needs to be identified. Fortunately C-Drives can fill this gap. The XO ships are envisaged as being  able to descend from space into earth's upper atmosphere and rendezvous with modules without landing. 

Modules are generally expected to meet in the air with XOs from their diverse destinations and are labelled as such. If they are transporting cargo or people to earth they have the option to land or to simply receive and dispatch modules in the upper atmosphere and return to base. 

Freight Modules that rendezvous with XOs

Modules are very much like freight liner containers used today except they can be operated by pilots or as drones which manufacturers and suppliers can fill with any cargo they want. The XO ships then provide the muscle to take these containers safely through exit and re-entry to their destinations, be it a shipment container/module yard for customs and clearing, the moon, mars or some location in space. Once near their destinations the concept is that modules can detach and ferry themselves using their own C-Drives to the designated places on earth, the moon or locations in space to customs and clearing and on to where they are meant to go.   

While modules may be ideal for short journeys moving cargo about in space, they are not powerful enough to cover long distances in space, some may not be able to handle exit/re-entry and it will be cheaper, safer and faster for them to use the XO ships. Their ability to attach and detach makes it easier for getting cargo around to destinations in space and between these locations. This can include people, agricultural produce, manufactured goods, basically anything that needs transporting into space or from space back to earth.

Entry & Re-entry into Earth's Atmosphere without the Heat

What makes exit and entry into space and other planets or moons difficult is not the gravitational forces that are encountered, but rather the methods used for countering them, which today involves very powerful rockets. Rockets need to exert a tremendous amount of force and expend a great deal of energy. The reason why such high levels of exertion are required is because rockets do not have a means of amplifying propulsive force. The reason why everyone has to hold their breath at every launch and every entry hoping nothing goes wrong is that the explosive force provided by rockets can lead to catastrophic outcomes. Vehicles propelled by a C-Drive will enjoy significantly more power to be able to reach escape velocity on exit, but also provide the means to decelerate prior to entry such that the dangers of excessive heat are neutralized and have the power to decelerate for a controlled landing that is low risk. 

XO rendezvous ships will specialize in exit and re-entry.  While exiting earth's atmosphere is not a problem, currently the heat generated during re-entry and the fact that vessels tend to burn up due to compression  and friction with air molecules is a major concern. However, XO rendezvous ships can specialize in re-entry methods that minimize friction and heat. Currently vehicles coming in for re-entry can approach earth at incredible speeds as high as 17,000 km/h. 

Nevertheless, C-Drives have formidable thrust capabilities combined with fuel efficiency which they can use to counter this velocity and wind it down to 0 Km/h if necessary to synchronize with the earth's movement during decent into the atmosphere. By slowing down and synchronizing velocity with the earth during decent there will be very little heat and friction generated allowing entry to be a cool process and one which once again avoids pollution from materials that currently burn up during re-entry. Having penetrated the atmosphere without burning up the XOs can then rendezvous with modules, release those heading down to earth, connect with those heading into space and hoist them up in a seamless pollution free process.

Deceleration for re-entry is just as important a process as achieving escape velocity. Modules can rendezvous with XOs and hitch a ride for deceleration before re-entry as they do for getting assistance with escape velocity before exiting earth's atmosphere. In doing so modules can reserve their fuel for travelling from the upper atmosphere to their various destinations on the ground post re-entry.   This method ensures that both exit and re-entry can take place with polluting emissions being kept as low as possible.

High speed collision drives are expected to be capable of significant levels of thrust that were previously impossible to achieve.  C-Drives, which do not need air or an atmosphere, will also lead to highly maneuverable vehicles that are able to resist and withstand strong winds, hurricanes and other types of inclement weather. 

During entry and re-entry the sub-engines on all modules can be deployed by the XO to increase thrust and load bearing capacity.

Meeting in the Air

XO ships would be able to exit and re-enter earth's atmosphere 
re-repeatedly with zero emissions and cold re-entry from propulsion which makes the
movement of cargo between earth and space environmentally friendly. Some XOs
can be kitted with various types of power plants that use different fuels
for deployment in space. Autonomous vehicles being assisted
with exit and re-entry by powerful XOs will be common . 

Other uses 

For companies that build rockets for launching satellites, for example, the option would be to instead build a custom satellite launch module. Modules can be as large as hangers. They can kit their modules out with everything they need, even a passenger section for staff. The module carrying a client's satellite to be launched can rendezvous with the XO where it is lifted into space. Modules allow the launch to be accompanied by staff to allow it to be carefully supervised and any errors to be attended to in real time. After the satellite is successfully launched the module rendezvous with the next XO back through re-entry and it travels with staff straight back to their headquarters after a successful launch. This hands on approach can be used for delicate cargo.

XO ships with very powerful high speed C-Drives are also ideal for deep space exploration for scientific and other purposes. High speed C-Drives should be able to reach velocities that make it possible to broaden exploration, search for new habitable planets, and aid companies that would like to seriously get to mars for settlement or exploit the mineral wealth prevalent in asteroids. 

The XO ships and the C-Drive should try as much as possible to be an enabler and facilitator for current  activity related to space rather than a disruptive technology.  

Flexible Modules

Modules can move themselves around with C-Drive sub-engines which are powerful enough to act as cranes. They can be piloted or operated as drones. In this situation the drone operator is very much like a crane operator moving containers or modules onto and off XOs and ensuring they arrive at a given location.

Powerful XOs

Main ships are conceptualized as being capable of descending from orbit or launching from the ground to rendezvous with modules/containers in order to provide the thrust required to enter orbit. Modules can be crafted into passengers amenities, rooms, hotel facilities and so on, other modules can consist purely of cargo. Modules can meet XOs (main ships or arks) in the air and connect to boost thrust. They can have payloads of any kind. Once they arrive at ports they can detach mid-air or mid-space and move each to their own destination. Staff can be expected to be much more hands on with the technology and materials they build in space for use on earth and vice versa. Going into space will be a routine exercise.

The XO ships are imagined to provide a freight service between earth and space. Instead of building a rocket, for instance, a company can save revenue by instead using these funds to build its own customized and re-usable module with the standard grappling and have its module lifted into space where it detaches and launches a satellite, stops over on the moon, heads to mars, delivers cargo then returns to earth with its contingent of staff.

XO ship docking cavities are a concept that allows for seamless movement of passengers
when travelling through controlled environments that require air and
pressurization. XO ships can have C-Drives powered by electricity
especially where frequent exit and re-entry for passengers and
cargo is required. They can be charged using solar panel arrays.
This can be done in a manner that is environmentally
friendly. XOs can be designed to have various types
of power plants depending on where and how they
will be used.

C-Drives can be designed to allow vehicles to have buoyancy regardless of how small, heavy or massive they are. The XO ships are envisaged as having landing gear where they can land on any surface, however, the concept shows they can use buoyancy to land in a cavity where they can automatically dock safely into a pressurized environment allowing passengers and crew to seamlessly disembark. This would be useful for settlements where there is no atmosphere, for example, on the moon or with another vessel in space. The XO ships would simply land, automatically dock into a sealed environment where passengers and crew disembark, where they are serviced and also recharged using a network of on site superchargers.

Customized Modules

Modules have C-Drives and are self 
propelled. They can be specifically designed to meet in the air
with XOs where they are coupled together and ferried into space.
Entire modules can be custom designed for specific purposes. The 
black cubes on each module that provide propulsion
are Collision-Drives [patent  pending]. A C-Drive will allow
for very precise movement of vehicles.

Modules, like freight containers can be customized. For instance, when it comes to the prospect of having settlements on the moon or mars, modules can be purpose built on earth. They can then be sent via the XOs which meet them in the air and ferry them into space. On arrival in space the modules would be able to detach and ferry themselves precisely to where they are required on the moon surface or on the surface of mars. 

A module is envisaged to be large enough to be turned into a building in and of itself. It can be crafted into a building for a specific purpose and it can be configured to link with other modules such that prefab buildings can be used immediately when they arrive at a destination on the moon, on mars or in space. This can include water purification plants, waste management infrastructure, laboratories, hydroponics, modules with living facilities, hotels, shops, restaurants, entertainment, businesses of any kind can be built in this way such that a societal structure that makes people feel at home is rapidly created. Since Freight Modules are self propelled these structures can be moved around should the need ever arise. 

Modules destined for further off destinations, such as mars can be ferried by XOs which will make short work of the distance. Since modules are large, prefabricated and self propelled settlements can form very quickly without having to be cramped spaces, but rather spacious areas where living conditions are attractive enough that once inside they are almost indistinguishable from being on earth. 

X-O Module Rendezvous. Sub-engines on modules
are deployed on acceleration and deceleration. 
 [Side View]

Increased safety 

C-Drives are cost effective enough to build and make a standard part of the architecture of modules. An XO, for instance, can be customized into a sky scraper, whilst retaining its mobility. The advantage of buildings, labs and other infrastructure being built from modules entails that each building has an inbuilt propulsion system. This will be especially useful in emergencies where evacuations are required or where relocating a settlement becomes necessary due to meteor strikes, floods, quakes or unstable ground. On detection of a disturbance a C-Drive will be able to lift a building, XO or module, for example, 10 meters in the air and keep it suspended there until conditions on the ground return to normal, if they do not, it will be able to simply relocate them to a safe more secure location and can do so autonomously.

Pre-Departure: X-Os and Modules meeting in the clouds.

Powerful X-Os are envisaged as routinely liaising with Modules
to help with entry and re-entry, and other activity.
C-Drives are designed to use gravity assist to counter
earth's gravity. To understand gravity assist and how
these ships can remain perfectly still in cross-winds as illustrated
in the animation above also see how c-drives use
lateral/horizontal locking click here: the science of c-drives.

Modules convening in Space

 

What came from the Sky, must inevitably return to the Sky.

Within the hour given for it do so.

The Philosophy and Legacy page has been given its own unique space here.